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PLANTING FOR WILDLIFE
by Terry Niederlander

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Providing the three basic necessities for life will ensure that your yard becomes a wildlife sanctuary.

SHELTER:  Large evergreens and trees will provide shelter from winter storms, and nesting sights for wild birds.  Shrubs can provide cover and protection for small animals and birds.

WATER:  Bird baths, fountains, and other water features with moving water attract birds and animals.

FOOD:  Fruit bearing shrubs and trees provide food for birds and animals.  Perennials provide nectar and seed for birds.  Some tree and shrub recommendations are:

 

 

 Amelanchier fruit


Amelanchier
(Serviceberry)

Whether in shrub, or tree form, red berries that turn dark purple when ripe are relished by birds and small mammals in late spring and early summer.

 

 

Chionanthus fruit



Chionanthus
(Fringe Tree)

Birds relish the dark blue berries that ripen in August-September.

 

 Cornus florida fruit

 


Cornus florida
(Dogwood)

The tree form dogwood produces red fruit that ripen in September and persist until December.

 

 

Cornus ser. Baileyi

 



Cornus sericea or
Cornus ser. baileyi
(Red Twig Dogwood)

This shrub produces white berries in August.

 

 Crataegus fruit


Crataegus
(Hawthorn)

This tree produces glossy red fruit that ripens in September and persists through most of the winter.

 

 

Ilex verticillata



Ilex verticillata
(Winterberry)

The bright red berries on this shrub turn red in late August and hang on into January. Male and female plants are needed for pollination.

 

 

 Lonicera fragrantissima fruit


Lonicera fragrantissma
(Winter Honeysuckle)

The bright red fruit ripens in June.

 

Malus - Crabapple fruit



Malus
(Crabapple)

The varieties that bear small red, persistent fruit are favored by birds.  These include: 'Donald Wyman', 'Prairie Fire', and 'Red Jewel'.

 

 

Nyssa fruit


 


Nyssa
(Black Gum)

Bluish-black fruit ripen in late September.

 

 

Sambucus fruit



Sambucus
(Elderberry)

The dark purple berries ripen in August-September and definitely are favored by birds and humans alike.

 

 blueberry fruit

 


Vaccinium
(Blueberry)

Most varieties ripen in mid-to-late summer.

 

Viburnum dentatum fruit


Viburnum dentatum
(Arrowwood Viburnum)

The blue or black fruit on this shrub ripen in late September-October.

 

 Viburnum opulus fruit

 


Viburnum opulus
(European Cranberrybush Viburnum)

The bright red berries ripen in September-October, and persist into the winter.

 

Viburnum Trilobum fruit


Viburnum trilobum
(American Cranberrybush Viburnum)

Bright red fruit ripen in early September and persist into February.

 

PERENNIALS VALUED FOR THEIR SEEDS INCLUDE:

Echinaceas

Echinacea For Seeds

 

Gaillardias

Gaillardia For Seeds

 

 

Leucanthemums

Leucanthemum For Seed

 

Liatris

Liatris For Seed

Rudbeckias

Rudbeckia For Seed

 

 

 

 

Aquilegia

Aquilegia for. Nectar

 

PERENNIALS VALUED FOR
THEIR
NECTAR INCLUDE:

 


Salvias


Salvia For Nectar

Kniphofia

Kniphofia For Nectar

 

Agastache

Agastache For Nectar

 

Lilium

Lilium For Nectar

 

Heucheras

Heuchera For Nectar

 

Lobelias

Lobelia For Nectar

 

Hibiscus

Hibiscus For Nectar

 

Monardas

Monarda For Nectar

Hostas

Hosta For Nectar

Penstemons

Penstemons For Nectar